These Are the Main Components and Electrical System of the Car
Talking about cars is certainly not limited to the engine, but also relates to the car's electrical system that car owners need to know. Although the electrical properties of the car are not the main part, the car engine requires electricity to carry out its functions. Electricity is needed for the combustion process in cars.
For example, on a spark plug, it will only light up when exposed to an electric current. If there is no electricity, the spark plugs cannot turn on and the car's engine is blocked. So it can be concluded that the electrical system plays an important role and car electrical problems need to be considered by users.
By definition, car electricity is an electrical circuit that is arranged in such a way to carry out functions on the car. All systems or functions that require electrical energy in the car are included in car electricity. The function of the car's electricity, among others, is to become a source of energy for the spark plugs so that they can start, run the engine, and improve the performance and comfort of the car.
So what are the types, systems, and types of car electricity? Come on, see the full review of automotive tips below.
Types of Car Electricity
Actually the scope of electricity in cars is very broad, therefore it is divided into several types, such as:
Car Engine Electrical System
In cars, the so-called engine electrical system is an electrical circuit that is on the engine to help the engine performance make it easier and more efficient to work. As explained above, an example of an engine electrical system is a spark plug. Spark plugs can ignite when there is a current or electrical energy that converts electricity into fire. After this change occurs, the car engine can start and run.
Apparently in addition to spark plugs there are other car engine electrical systems, namely:
1. Starter System
The starter system is part of the engine's electricity that has a function in the process of starting the engine rotation. When there is an initial rotation that causes the engine shaft to rotate, the first combustion of the engine occurs.
2. Charging System
The charging system is a series of electrical machines that supply electric current. Its function is to convert some of the engine rotation through the dynamo into electrical energy so that the electricity is always on.
3. Ignition System
Next there is also an ignition system that serves to issue sparks in the system. In this case, the ignition system utilizes electromagnetic energy to increase the voltage on the battery.
4. Glow Plug System (Diesel)
Glow plug system is a heater that has a function to raise the temperature of the diesel engine when the engine is still cold. The goal is to expedite the process of starting the car.
5. Efi System
The EFI system or commonly known as injection is an integrated engine electrical system that supplies gasoline to the engine. The amount or volume of gasoline supplied is ideal for all cycles.
6. Common Rail System (Diesel)
Finally, there is a common rail system that functions to regulate the amount of diesel supplied to the combustion chamber with the right volume. This system is similar to the efi system, but on the common rail it is used for diesel engines.
Car Body Electrical System
In addition to the engine electrical system, there is also a car body electrical system which is an electrical circuit found in the car body. Although the system is different from the electrical machine, the electrical system used by both is the same.
Several types of car body electricity include:
1. Exterior Lighting System
As the name suggests, the exterior lighting system is an electrical system on the outside of the car which includes headlights, city lights, and fog lights. This system serves to illuminate the exterior of the car.
2. Interior Lighting System
While the interior lighting system is an electrical system that functions to illuminate the interior of the car, such as cabin lights that can be turned on either manually or automatically.
3. Alert System
A warning system is a car electrical system that provides a sign or warning to other drivers on the road. Examples of warning systems are dimmer, turn signal, stop light, and reverse light.
Car Infotainment System
The car infotainment system is an electrical circuit in a car that functions to provide entertainment to the driver and passengers. Some examples or types of electrical systems are audio, video, and display.
1. Multi-Info Display
On the dashboard of the car there is an electrical system called the Multi Info Display or MID. This system provides information about the car's speed or speedometer, gasoline indicator, oil indicator, airbags, check engine and so on. MID is very important for drivers when driving because it provides important warnings or information regarding safety and comfort.
2. Audio and Video
Audio and video are one of the must-have features in today's cars. Its function is to provide entertainment and more comfort in driving. Especially in congested areas, this system is very much needed. Users can play the radio, listen to music, and play videos during the trip.
3. Usb Port and Cigarette Lighter
Still in the realm of the infotainment electrical system, there is also a USB port feature and a cigarette lighter that functions to charge cellphones. In this case the driver can charge the phone while driving.
Car Chassis Electrical System
The chassis electrical system is a car electrical system or circuit contained in the power train and car chassis. The function of this electrical circuit is to facilitate the transfer of power from the engine to the wheels. With the chassis system, the car will be effective to run and safer to drive.
Some examples or types of chassis electrical systems include:
1. Abs and Ebd System
The ABS system is an electrical system that functions to prevent slippage when the brake pedal is stepped on. While EBD serves to distribute braking power. Both help the car's safety function.
2. Hsa, Traction Control, Stability Control
The function of this electrical system is to maintain the safety of the car when driving in rough terrain such as steep roads, uphill, or in mountainous areas. However, HSA is only found on SUVs.
3. Differential Clutch
Another example of chassis electricity is the differential clutch which functions to connect or disconnect the differential on the vehicle.
4. Transmission Solenoid
Transmission solenoid is a car electrical system that functions to shift gears using a solenoid.
Car Security and Safety System
Today's cars use electrical-based security systems, no longer using mechanical systems. It turns out that the electrical system used for the car security system is much safer than before. The following is an example of a car's electrical function in a security and safety system.
1.bag Inflator Control
Bag Inflator Control is an electrical system that functions to prevent injury when the driver has an accident. In the event of a collision, the air bag or airbag will inflate so that the driver's head is protected from a hard impact. In addition, there is a bag inflator control in this system which controls when the right time for the airbag to inflate.
2. Immobilizer
An example of an electrical system in the next car security and safety is an immobilizer or anti-theft system. In this system, there is an ignition switch that emits waves. If the key is used correctly, then the car can be started. However, if the keys do not match, the car will not be able to start when it is started.
3. Alarm System
Next there is also an alarm system that will give a warning when someone wants to do something bad around the car, such as stealing, damaging, and so on. If there is a physical disturbance in the car, the alarm will automatically turn on.
Car Electrical Components
With the electrical system in the car, the car will be more efficient and comfortable when used. Car parts or features can function properly with this system. However, it turns out that the electrical system is not as simple as imagined. There are many components that are quite complicated in a car's electrical system. Anything?
1. Supply Current
The first electrical component is the current supply. The current supply component is a component that is a source of electric current for other components. The current supply has 2 main parts, namely the battery and the alternator. These two parts supply current for other car components such as AC, audio, and various other types of lights.
The number of batteries and the capacity of the alternator are adjusted to the needs and electrical functions of the car. The greater the electricity required, the more the number of batteries used.
2. Output
The next component that must exist in the car's electrical system is the output. Output is the result of the car's electrical system, such as LED lights, audio, head units, air conditioners, horns, and so on. The output is also an integral part of the input component.
3. Input
As discussed earlier, the output system cannot be separated from the input system. The two are an inseparable unit. Even the input components also affect other electrical components. The activeness of all the car's electricity is determined by the input components. The input components can be activated manually by the driver or activated automatically by the system.
Input components that need to be activated manually include buttons, knobs, switches, and switches. Meanwhile, components that are activated automatically include sensors and indicators that are influenced by vehicle computerization. Well, when the input component is activated, the electrical system will turn on. Vice versa, when the input component dies, the electrical system will stop. So it can be concluded that the input component serves to connect and disconnect electricity to the device.
4. Wiring Harness
The next electrical component of the car is the wiring harness. Wiring harness or a series of cables serves to drain current from the power source to the devices that need it. This series of cables are interconnected with each other so that when there is damage to one cable, all cable components must be replaced. Some examples of wiring harnesses in car electricity include AC circuits, audio, and engines.
5. Control System
Finally, there is also a control system which is one of the electrical components of the car. This component is a mandatory component in cars that have a computerized system. In this type of car, the electrical circuit is turned on and off with the computer processor so that no input components are not needed. Examples are the ABS braking system, auto leveling headlamp, transmission control module, and the like. The car's electrical control system works automatically, so it doesn't require the driver's role or control.
All of the above components cannot work alone, each is interrelated and related. So if one of them has a problem, it can affect the performance of other components. For example, when the AC does not turn on. the engine cannot be turned on, or the horn is off, it means that there is a problem with the electrical system. Immediately take it to an official repair shop to fix this so it doesn't spread to other electrical problems. The reason is, a car's electrical problem can endanger safety while driving.
Also, avoid tinkering with the car's electricity if you have no knowledge of engine and car electricity at all. Better leave it to the experts who know more about electricity. If there is a failure in handling electricity, the impact of the damage will be greater. And to avoid potential losses due to car electrical damage, let's protect the vehicle by buying vehicle insurance.
